How does God show grace to Dante in a way that is “tailored” to the pilgrim’s needs?
God shows grace to Dante in a way that is tailored to his needs first of all in that he gives Dante courage to take on his journey. He says on page 15 "whose favor, could send me forth on such a voyage? I am no Aeneas or Paul..." this shows that Dante feels inferior to the task, but God gives him comfort and strength. God also tailors his grace to Dante's need in that he gives him strength through the words of Virgil. Virgil talks him through it and gives him courage which is what Dante needs, and it is coming from a person he respects.
Monday, February 27, 2017
Thursday, February 9, 2017
Nature of Justice
What is the nature of justice within the worldview of the Song of Roland? What clue might this give us about the culture and society that produced this text in late 11th century/ early twelfth century France?
The nature of justice in the Song of Roland is that betrayal is repaid in full and justice is administered only by the figure of the divine. In the Song of Roland Ganelon, Charles' strategist betrays him to start a war with Spain so that he could kill Charles' son in law. Ganelon ultimately succeeds in this as Roland dies, but Charles finds out about the scheme and a trial is held for Ganelon. Charles is advised by the council to let him go because they were persuaded by one of Ganelon's defenders but Charles did not buy it. He is figured as almost divine throughout the story with divine power and wisdom. Ultimately, Charles has the decision and he makes a just decision to put Ganelon to death by ripping him apart. This shows that justice is administered only by Charles who is the figure of the divine and the betrayal that took place was repaid in full
The nature of justice in the Song of Roland is that betrayal is repaid in full and justice is administered only by the figure of the divine. In the Song of Roland Ganelon, Charles' strategist betrays him to start a war with Spain so that he could kill Charles' son in law. Ganelon ultimately succeeds in this as Roland dies, but Charles finds out about the scheme and a trial is held for Ganelon. Charles is advised by the council to let him go because they were persuaded by one of Ganelon's defenders but Charles did not buy it. He is figured as almost divine throughout the story with divine power and wisdom. Ultimately, Charles has the decision and he makes a just decision to put Ganelon to death by ripping him apart. This shows that justice is administered only by Charles who is the figure of the divine and the betrayal that took place was repaid in full
Thursday, February 2, 2017
Chapter 19 Discussion Questions
1. The Industrial Revolution in Europe began in northern Great Britain. What circumstances made this process of economic development begin there? **Try to categorize your answers in terms of economic, social, cultural, and political factors. (p. 617-621)
The circumstances that made the Industrial Revolution start in North Great Britain because there was a large supply of available capital, a national bank, and no internal tolls or tariffs. In addition, the pursuit of wealth considered worthy goal which made people seek after it. Also they had strong trade with the world and navy to protect it, and integrated domestic market because of small size and it was an island. Finally there were many technological advancements that started in Great Britain.
2. What was enclosure, and why was it an important factor in the Industrial Revolution? (p. 619)
Enclosure was essentially commercializing agriculture, and dividing land into separate properties for higher profits. This drove smaller farmers away.
3. Certain industries were particularly suitable for the kinds of technological developments that encouraged industrialization. What were these, and where did they exist in Europe? (621-629)
One industry that was particularly suitable for these kinds of developments was textile. Many textile advancements were made such as the spinning jenny and the flying weave. At this time there was also greater demand for clothing. Another industry was coal and iron. This increased efficiency with advancements like the steam engine and making iron railroads- whch allowed transportation of goods and people.
4. What was the Spinning Jenny? What was the Cotton Gin? What effect did these machines have on industrial development? (621-622)
The spinning jenny was a machine that turned cotton into thread faster than by hands. The cotton Gin separated cotton seeds from the cotton, and improved the speed of cotton production and lowered its cost. These machines supplied the rising demand of textiles, but lowered the need for work force, which beat the competition of independent farmers.
5. Industrial development changed the nature of work and production in significant ways. What were these changes and how did they change the relations between laborers and their employers, or local producers and wider markets? (631-639)
The changes that affected the nature of work and production were that work process became expedited and had less need for a large labor force. This mean that machines could do most of the work, and as a result, more rural areas with less technology suffered because they weren't needed that much anymore. The relationship between laborers and employers was that employers usually owned the machinery needed, and the laborers used it under them. Local producers could no longer compete with wider markets, and the local producers began to fade away.
The circumstances that made the Industrial Revolution start in North Great Britain because there was a large supply of available capital, a national bank, and no internal tolls or tariffs. In addition, the pursuit of wealth considered worthy goal which made people seek after it. Also they had strong trade with the world and navy to protect it, and integrated domestic market because of small size and it was an island. Finally there were many technological advancements that started in Great Britain.
2. What was enclosure, and why was it an important factor in the Industrial Revolution? (p. 619)
Enclosure was essentially commercializing agriculture, and dividing land into separate properties for higher profits. This drove smaller farmers away.
3. Certain industries were particularly suitable for the kinds of technological developments that encouraged industrialization. What were these, and where did they exist in Europe? (621-629)
One industry that was particularly suitable for these kinds of developments was textile. Many textile advancements were made such as the spinning jenny and the flying weave. At this time there was also greater demand for clothing. Another industry was coal and iron. This increased efficiency with advancements like the steam engine and making iron railroads- whch allowed transportation of goods and people.
4. What was the Spinning Jenny? What was the Cotton Gin? What effect did these machines have on industrial development? (621-622)
The spinning jenny was a machine that turned cotton into thread faster than by hands. The cotton Gin separated cotton seeds from the cotton, and improved the speed of cotton production and lowered its cost. These machines supplied the rising demand of textiles, but lowered the need for work force, which beat the competition of independent farmers.
5. Industrial development changed the nature of work and production in significant ways. What were these changes and how did they change the relations between laborers and their employers, or local producers and wider markets? (631-639)
The changes that affected the nature of work and production were that work process became expedited and had less need for a large labor force. This mean that machines could do most of the work, and as a result, more rural areas with less technology suffered because they weren't needed that much anymore. The relationship between laborers and employers was that employers usually owned the machinery needed, and the laborers used it under them. Local producers could no longer compete with wider markets, and the local producers began to fade away.
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